Role of membrane:
Mitochondria have inner and outer membranes which enclose and intermembranal space, membrane is impermeable to H+ ions. This allows accumulation of H+ to generate the proton gradient.
Membranes can be folded into cristae to increase surface area to accomodate numerous proteins such as electron carriers.
Electron transport chain is embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane to allow for the oxidation of NADH in respiration and the process of chemiosmosis to occur so that the proton gradient can be set up for the synthesis of ATP.
Elementary stalk particles are found on the membrane consisting of ATP synthase,phosphorylation of ADP to ATP catalysed by ATP synthase.
Role of Oxygen:
Final Electron acceptor in the ETC
Combines with H+ to form water
involved in oxidative phosphorylation
Maintain electron flow in the ETC
Allows regenaration of coenzymes
Role of coenzymes:
NAP+ and FAD can be regenerated and recycled.
NAD+ and FAD are electron and H+ acceptors.
Allows for the transfer of high energy electrons to the ETC
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